[RubyConf 2022] Weaving & seaming mocks

Transcript

1. View Slide

2. 2
   Ruby Devs ! Tests
   

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3. How do you
   write tests?
   

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4. palkan_tula
   palkan
   4
   Martin Fowler, Mocks Aren't Stubs
   

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5. palkan_tula
   palkan
   5
   Classical
   def search(q)
   query = Query.build(q)
   User.find_by_sql(query.to_sql)
   end
   

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6. palkan_tula
   palkan
   5
   Classical
   def search(q)
   query = Query.build(q)
   User.find_by_sql(query.to_sql)
   end
   user = create(:user, name: "Vova")
   expect(search("name=Vova")).to eq([user])
   

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7. palkan_tula
   palkan
   Mockist
   5
   def search(q)
   query = Query.build(q)
   User.find_by_sql(query.to_sql)
   end
   expect(Query)
   .to receive(:build).with("name=x")
   .and_return(double(to_sql: :cond))
   expect(User).to receive(:find_by_sql).with(:cond)
   .and_return(:users)
   expected(search("user=x")).to eq :users
   

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8. palkan_tula
   palkan
   To mock or not to mock?
   Emily Samp @ RubyConf, 2021
   6
   

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9. palkan_tula
   palkan
   Classical
   7
   

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10. palkan_tula
    palkan
    8
    Mockist
    

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11. palkan_tula
    palkan
    9
    Mocklassicism
    

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12. palkan_tula
    palkan
    False positive
    10
    def search(q)
    query = Query.build(q)
    User.find_by_sql(query.to_sql)
    end
    expect(Query)
    .to receive(:build).with("name=x")
    .and_return(double(to_sql: :cond))
    expect(User).to receive(:find_by_sql).with(:cond)
    .and_return(:users)
    expected(search("user=x")).to eq :users
    module Query
    - def self.build(query_str)
    - query_hash = Hash[query.split("=")]
    + def self.build(query_hash)
    # query has to sql
    end
    

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13. palkan_tula
    palkan
    How to avoid false positives?
    11
    

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14. palkan_tula
    palkan
    11
    How to put seams?
    ?
    

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15. palkan_tula
    palkan
    github.com/palkan
    12
    

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16. 13
    

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17. 14
    

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18. View Slide

19. Keeping mocks
    in line with real
    objects
    16
    

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20. palkan_tula
    palkan
    17
    Case study: anyway_config
    class RubyConfConfig < Anyway::Config
    attr_config :city, :date
    coerce_types date: :date
    end
    github.com/palkan/anyway_config
    

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21. 18
    $ RUBYCONF_CITY Providence RUBYCONF_DATE 2022 11 15 \
    ruby -r rubyconf_conf.rb -e "pp RubyConfConfig.new"
    #config_name="rubyconf"
    env_prefix="RUBYCONF"
    values:
    city => "Providence" (type=env key=RUBYCONF_CITY),
    date =>
    # (type=env key=RUBYCONF_DATE)>
    #config_name="rubyconf"
    env_prefix="RUBYCONF"
    values:
    city => "Providence" (type=env key=RUBYCONF_CITY),
    date =>
    # (type=env key=RUBYCONF_DATE)>
    

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22. palkan_tula
    palkan
    19
    ENV parser
    class Anyway::Env
    def fetch(prefix)
    # Scans ENV and parses matching values
    some_hash
    end
    def fetch_with_trace(prefix)
    [fetch(prefix), traces[prefix]]
    end
    end
    

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23. palkan_tula
    palkan
    20
    ENV loader
    class Anyway::Loaders::Env
    def call(env_prefix:, **_options)
    env = Anyway::Env.new
    env.fetch_with_trace(env_prefix)
    .then do |(data, trace)|
    Tracing.current_trace&.merge!(trace)
    data
    end
    end
    end
    •
    

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24. 21
    $ bundle exec rspec --tags env
    Run options:
    include {:env=>true}
    Randomized with seed 26894
    ........
    Finished in 0.00641 seconds (files took 0.27842 seconds to load)
    8 examples, 0 failures
    Coverage is at 100.0%.
    Coverage report sent to Coveralls.
    

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25. palkan_tula
    palkan
    22
    ENV loader
    describe Anyway::Loaders::Env do
    subject { described_class.call(env_prefix: "TESTO") }
    it "loads data from env" do
    with_env(
    "TESTO_A" => "x",
    "TESTO_DATA__KEY" => "value"
    ) do
    expect(subject)
    .to eq({"a" => "x", "data" => { "key" => "value"}})
    end
    end
    end
    Aren't we testing ENV
    parser here, not loader?
    

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26. palkan_tula
    palkan
    describe Anyway::Loaders::Env do
    let(:env) { double("env") }
    let(:data) { {"a" => "x", "data" => {"key" => "value"}} }
    subject { described_class.call(env_prefix: "TESTO") }
    before do
    allow(::Anyway::Env).to receive(:new).and_return(env)
    allow(env).to receive(:fetch_with_trace).and_return([data, nil])
    end
    it "loads data from Anyway::Env" do
    expect(subject)
    .to eq({"a" => "x", "data" => {"key" => "value"}})
    end
    end
    describe Anyway::Loaders::Env do
    let(:env) { double("env") }
    let(:data) { {"a" => "x", "data" => {"key" => "value"}} }
    subject { described_class.call(env_prefix: "TESTO") }
    before do
    allow(::Anyway::Env).to receive(:new).and_return(env)
    allow(env).to receive(:fetch_with_trace).and_return([data, nil])
    end
    it "loads data from Anyway::Env" do
    expect(subject)
    .to eq({"a" => "x", "data" => {"key" => "value"}})
    end
    end
    23
    Double-factoring
    

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27. palkan_tula
    palkan
    describe Anyway::Loaders::Env do
    let(:env) { double("env") }
    let(:data) { {"a" => "x", "data" => {"key" => "value"}} }
    subject { described_class.call(env_prefix: "TESTO") }
    before do
    allow(::Anyway::Env).to receive(:new).and_return(env)
    allow(env).to receive(:fetch_with_trace).and_return([data
    end
    it "loads data from Anyway::Env" do
    expect(subject)
    describe Anyway::Loaders::Env do
    let(:env) { double("env") }
    let(:data) { {"a" => "x", "data" => {"key" => "value"}} }
    subject { described_class.call(env_prefix: "TESTO") }
    before do
    allow(::Anyway::Env).to receive(:new).and_return(env)
    allow(env).to receive(:fetch_with_trace).and_return([data
    end
    it "loads data from Anyway::Env" do
    expect(subject)
    23
    Double-factoring
    

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28. Case #1.
    Undefined method
    24
    

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29. palkan_tula
    palkan
    25
    Refactor
    class Anyway::Env
    - def fetch(prefix)
    + def fetch(prefix, include_trace = false)
    @@ ...
    - def fetch_with_trace(prefix)
    - [fetch(prefix), traces[prefix]]
    - end
    end
    

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30. palkan_tula
    palkan
    26
    describe Anyway::Loaders::Env do
    let(:env) { double("env") }
    before do
    allow(::Anyway::Env)
    .to receive(:new).and_return(env)
    allow(env)
    .to receive(:fetch_with_trace)
    .and_return([data, nil])
    end
    # ...
    end
    Refactor
    

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31. 27
    $ bundle exec rspec --tags env
    Run options:
    include {:env=>true}
    Randomized with seed 26894
    ........
    Finished in 0.00594 seconds (files took 0.21516 seconds to load)
    8 examples, 0 failures
    Coverage is at 100.0%.
    Coverage report sent to Coveralls.
    

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32. 28
    $ RUBYCONF_CITY Providence RUBYCONF_DATE 2022 11 15 \
    ruby -r rubyconf_conf.rb -e "pp RubyConfConfig.new"
    #config_name="rubyconf"
    env_prefix="RUBYCONF"
    values:
    city => "Providence" (type=env key=RUBYCONF_CITY),
    date =>
    # (type=env key=RUBYCONF_DATE)>
    anyway_config/lib/anyway/loaders/env.rb:11:in `call': undefined
    method `fetch_with_trace' for #@type_cast=Anyway::NoCast, @data={}, @traces={}> (NoMethodError)
    env.fetch_with_trace(env_prefix).then do |(conf, trace)|
    ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    

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33. palkan_tula
    palkan
    Double trouble
    — Tests are green ✅
    — Coverage 100% #
    — Code doesn't work ❌
    29
    

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34. 30
    

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35. palkan_tula
    palkan
    31
    github.com/rspec/rspec-mocks/issues/227
    

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36. palkan_tula
    palkan
    32
    github.com/xaviershay/rspec-fire
    

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37. palkan_tula
    palkan
    33
    describe Anyway::Loaders::Env do
    - let(:env) { double("env") }
    - let(:env) { instance_double("Anyway::Env") }
    Refactor
    

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38. 34
    $ bundle exec rspec --tags env
    1) Anyway::Loaders::Env loads data from Anyway::Env
    Failure/Error: allow(env_double).to
    receive(:fetch_with_trace).and_return([env, nil])
    the Anyway::Env class does not implement the instance
    method: fetch_with_trace
    # ./spec/loaders/env_spec.rb:22:in `block (2 levels) in
    '
    

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39. palkan_tula
    palkan
    35
    double
    No strings attached
    

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40. palkan_tula
    palkan
    verified double
    35
    double
    No strings attached Method existence
    

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41. Case #2.
    Incorrect method
    signature
    36
    

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42. palkan_tula
    palkan
    37
    Refactor
    class Anyway::Env
    - def fetch(prefix, include_trace = false)
    + def fetch(prefix, include_trace: false)
    @@ ...
    

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43. palkan_tula
    palkan
    37
    Refactor
    class Anyway::Env
    - def fetch(prefix, include_trace = false)
    + def fetch(prefix, include_trace: false)
    @@ ...
    describe Anyway::Loaders::Env do
    let(:env) { instance_double("env") }
    before do
    expect(env)
    .to receive(:fetch)
    .with("TESTO", true)
    .and_return([data, nil])
    end
    # ...
    end
    

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44. 38
    $ bundle exec rspec --tags env
    1) Anyway::Loaders::Env loads data from Anyway::Env
    Failure/Error:
    env.fetch(env_prefix, true)
    ArgumentError:
    Wrong number of arguments. Expected 1, got 2.
    # ./lib/anyway/loaders/env.rb:11:in `call'
    # ./lib/anyway/loaders/base.rb:10:in `call'
    # ./spec/loaders/env_spec.rb:18:in
    

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45. palkan_tula
    palkan
    39
    class MethodSignatureVerifier
    def initialize(signature, args=[])
    # ...
    end
    def valid?
    missing_kw_args.empty? &&
    invalid_kw_args.empty? &&
    valid_non_kw_args? &&
    arbitrary_kw_args? &&
    unlimited_args?
    end
    end
    rspec/support/method_signature_verifier.rb
    

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46. palkan_tula
    palkan
    39
    rspec/support/method_signature_verifier.rb
    class MethodSignature
    def initialize(method)
    # ...
    classify_parameters
    end
    def classify_parameters
    @method.parameters.each do |(type, name)|
    # ...
    end
    end
    end
    

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47. palkan_tula
    palkan
    class MethodSignature
    def initialize(method)
    # ...
    classify_parameters
    end
    def classify_parameters
    @method.parameters.each do |(type, name)|
    # ...
    end
    end
    end
    40
    rspec/support/method_signature_verifier.rb
    

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48. palkan_tula
    palkan
    41
    Method#parameters
    method_obj = Anyway::Env.instance_method(:fetch)
    method_obj.parameters
    #=> [
    [:req, :prefix],
    [:key, :include_trace]
    ]
    

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49. palkan_tula
    palkan
    42
    double verified double
    No strings attached Method existence
    Method parameters
    Method signature?
    

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50. palkan_tula
    palkan
    Method signature
    — Parameters shape
    — Argument types
    — Return value type
    43
    

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51. palkan_tula
    palkan
    44
    Refactor
    class Anyway::Env
    + Parsed = Struct.new(:data, :trace)
    def fetch(prefix, include_trace: false)
    @@ ...
    - [data, trace]
    + Parsed.new(data, trace)
    end
    

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52. palkan_tula
    palkan
    44
    Refactor
    class Anyway::Env
    + Parsed = Struct.new(:data, :trace)
    def fetch(prefix, include_trace: false)
    @@ ...
    - [data, trace]
    + Parsed.new(data, trace)
    end
    describe Anyway::Loaders::Env do
    let(:env) { instance_double("env") }
    before do
    expect(env)
    .to receive(:fetch)
    .with("TESTO", include_trace: true)
    .and_return([data, nil])
    end
    # ...
    end
    

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53. 45
    $ bundle exec rspec --tags env
    Run options:
    include {:env=>true}
    Randomized with seed 43108
    ........
    Finished in 0.0234 seconds (files took 0.80197 seconds to load)
    7 examples, 0 failures
    

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54. 46
    $ RUBYCONF_CITY Providence RUBYCONF_DATE 2022 11 15 \
    ruby -r rubyconf_conf.rb -e "pp RubyConfConfig.new"
    #config_name="rubyconf"
    env_prefix="RUBYCONF"
    values:
    city => "Providence" (type=env key=RUBYCONF_CITY),
    date =>
    # (type=env key=RUBYCONF_DATE)>
    anyway_config/lib/anyway/tracing.rb:59:in `merge!': undefined
    method `trace?' for nil:NilClass (NoMethodError)
    from anyway_config/lib/anyway/loaders/env.rb:12:in `block
    in call'
    from :124:in `then'
    from anyway_config/lib/anyway/loaders/env.rb:11:in `call'
    

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55. palkan_tula
    palkan
    “Test doubles are sweet for isolating your unit
    tests, but we lost something in the
    translation from typed languages. Ruby
    doesn't have a compiler that can verify the
    contracts being mocked out are indeed legit.”
    –rspec-fire's Readme
    47
    

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56. Mocks vs.
    types
    48
    

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57. palkan_tula
    palkan
    .rbs
    49
    double verified double
    No strings attached Method existence
    Method parameters
    

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58. palkan_tula
    palkan
    typed double
    49
    double verified double
    No strings attached Method existence
    Method parameters
    Method signature
    

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59. palkan_tula
    palkan
    typed_double
    — Intercept mocked calls
    — Type check them—that's it!
    50
    

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60. palkan_tula
    palkan
    51
    Interception
    RSpec::Mocks::VerifyingMethodDouble.prepend(
    Module.new do
    def proxy_method_invoked(obj, *args, &block)
    super.tap { TypedDouble.typecheck!(obj, *args) }
    end
    end
    )
    

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61. palkan_tula
    palkan
    52
    RBS::Test
    

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62. palkan_tula
    palkan
    53
    anyway_config.rbs
    module Anyway
    class Env
    class Parsed
    attr_reader data: Hash
    attr_reader trace: Tracing::Trace?
    end
    def fetch: (String prefix, ?include_trace: bool) -> Parsed
    end
    end
    

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63. 54
    $ bundle exec rspec --tags env
    1) Anyway::Loaders::Env loads data from Anyway::Env
    Failure/Error: raise
    RBS::Test::Tester::TypeError.new(errors) unless errors.empty?
    RBS::Test::Tester::TypeError:
    TypeError: [Anyway::Env#fetch] ReturnTypeError: expected
    `::Anyway::Env::Parsed` but returns `[{"a"=>"x",
    "data"=>{"key"=>"value"}}, nil]`
    

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64. palkan_tula
    palkan
    What if... we don't
    have types %
    55
    

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65. On-the-fly type
    signatures
    generation
    56
    

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66. palkan_tula
    palkan
    Type generators
    — rbs prototype / tapioca
    — TypeProfiler
    — Tracing → signatures &
    57
    

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67. palkan_tula
    palkan
    On-the-fly types
    — Collect method calls made on real objects
    58
    

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68. palkan_tula
    palkan
    59
    Tracking calls
    TracePoint.trace(:call, :return) do |tp|
    next unless trackable?(tp.defined_class, tp.method_id)
    target, mid = tp.defined_class, tp.method_id
    if tp.event == :call
    method = tp.self.method(mid)
    args = []
    kwargs = {}
    method.parameters.each do |(type, name)|
    val = tp.binding.local_variable_get(name)
    # ...
    end
    store[target][mid] << CallTrace.new(arguments: args, kwargs:)
    elsif tp.event == :return
    store[target][mid].last.return_value = tp.return_value
    end
    end
    

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69. palkan_tula
    palkan
    60
    Tracking calls
    if tp.event == :call
    method = tp.self.method(mid)
    args = []
    kwargs = {}
    method.parameters.each do |(type, name)|
    val = tp.binding.local_variable_get(name)
    # ...
    end
    

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70. palkan_tula
    palkan
    On-the-fly types
    — Collect method calls made on real objects
    — Generate types from real call traces
    61
    

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71. palkan_tula
    palkan
    62
    SignatureGenerator
    class SignatureGenerator
    def to_rbs = [header, method_sigs, footer].join("\n")
    def args_sig(args)
    args.transpose.map do |arg_values|
    arg_values.map(&:class).uniq.map do
    "::#{_1.name}"
    end
    end.join(", ")
    end
    end
    

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72. palkan_tula
    palkan
    63
    env.rbs
    module Anyway
    class Env
    def initialize: (?type_cast: (::Module)) -> (void)
    def fetch: (
    ::String,
    ?include_trace: (::FalseClass | ::TrueClass)
    ) -> ::Anyway::Env::Parsed
    end
    end
    

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73. palkan_tula
    palkan
    On-the-fly types
    — Collect method calls made on real objects
    — Generate types from real call traces
    — Identify tracing targets (mocked classes) &
    64
    

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74. Mock
    fixtures
    65
    

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75. palkan_tula
    palkan
    Fixturama
    evilmartians.com/chronicles/a-fixture-based-approach-to-interface-testing-in-rails
    66
    

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76. palkan_tula
    palkan
    67
    Fixturama
    github.com/nepalez/fixturama
    # fixtures/stubs/notifier.yml
    ---
    - class: Notifier
    chain:
    - create
    arguments:
    - :profileDeleted
    - <%= profile_id %>
    actions:
    - return: true
    - raise: ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound
    arguments:
    - "Profile with id: 1 not found" # for error message
    

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77. palkan_tula
    palkan
    YAML fixtures
    — YAML != Ruby, hard to mock with non-
    primitive types
    — Existing mocks are not re-usable—a lot of
    refactoring
    68
    

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78. palkan_tula
    palkan
    69
    Mock context
    mock_context "Anyway::Env" do
    before do
    env_double = instance_double("Anyway::Env")
    allow(Anyway::Env).to receive(:new).and_return(env_double)
    data = {"a" => "x", "data" => {"key" => "value"}}
    allow(env_double)
    .to receive(:fetch).with("TESTO", any_args)
    .and_return([data, nil])
    end
    end
    

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79. palkan_tula
    palkan
    Mock context
    — Just a shared context
    — Evaluated within a "scratch" example group
    on initialization to collect information
    about stubbed classes and methods
    70
    

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80. palkan_tula
    palkan
    71
    Mock context
    def evaluate_context!(context_id, tracking)
    Class.new(RSpec::Core::ExampleGroup) do
    include_context(context_id)
    specify("true") { expect(true).to be(true) }
    after do
    RSpec::Mocks.space.proxies.values.each do
    tracking.register_from_proxy(_1)
    end
    end
    end.run
    end
    

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81. palkan_tula
    palkan
    72
    Refactor
    describe Anyway::Loaders::Env do
    - let(:env) { instance_double(Anyway::Env) }
    + include_mock_context "Anyway::Env"
    @@ ...
    

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82. palkan_tula
    palkan
    73
    RSpec post-check
    config.after(:suite) do
    TypedDouble.infer_types_from_calls!(
    CallsTracer.calls
    )
    passed = MocksTracer.calls.all do
    TypedDouble.typecheck(_1)
    end
    unless passed
    exit(RSpec.configuration.failure_exit_code)
    end
    end
    

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83. palkan_tula
    palkan
    74
    Mocked objects
    finder
    Mocked calls
    collector
    Real calls
    collector
    Type checker
    Types generator
    after(:suite)
    before(:suite) run time
    

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84. Case #3.
    Non-matching
    behaviour
    75
    

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85. palkan_tula
    palkan
    76
    Refactor
    class Anyway::Env
    def fetch(prefix, **)
    + return if prefix.empty?
    @@ ...
    

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86. palkan_tula
    palkan
    76
    Refactor
    class Anyway::Env
    def fetch(prefix, **)
    + return if prefix.empty?
    @@ ...
    mock_context "Anyway::Env" do
    before do
    # ...
    allow(env_double)
    .to receive(:fetch)
    .with("", any_args)
    .and_return(
    Anyway::Env::Parsed.new({}, nil))
    end
    end
    

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87. palkan_tula
    palkan
    77
    env.rbs
    module Anyway
    class Env
    def fetch: (
    ::String,
    ?include_trace: (::FalseClass | ::TrueClass)
    ) -> ::Anyway::Env::Parsed?
    end
    end
    We cannot specify which
    string causes the return
    value to be nil
    

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88. palkan_tula
    palkan
    Double contract
    — Stubs represent contracts
    — Tests using real objects MUST verify
    contracts (unit, end-to-end)
    78
    

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89. palkan_tula
    palkan
    79
    github.com/psyho/bogus
    github.com/robwold/compact
    

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90. palkan_tula
    palkan
    Stubs → Contracts
    — Collect method stub expected arguments
    — Check that a real call with the matching
    arguments was made and its return type
    matches the mocked one
    80
    

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91. palkan_tula
    palkan
    81
    Stubs → Contracts
    allow(env_double).to receive(:fetch)
    .with("", any_args)
    .and_return(Anyway::Env::Parsed.new({}))
    Anyway::Env#fetch: ("", _) -> Anyway::Env::Parsed
    verification pattern
    

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92. $ bundle exec rspec --tags env
    Mocks contract verifications are missing:
    No matching call found for:
    Anyway::Env#fetch: ("", _) -> Anyway::Env::Parsed
    Captured calls:
    ("", _) -> NilClass
    82
    

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93. palkan_tula
    palkan
    83
    Mocked objects
    finder
    Mocked calls
    collector
    Real calls
    collector
    Type checker
    Types generator
    Call patterns
    verifier
    after(:suite)
    before(:suite) run time
    

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94. Are we there
    yet?
    84
    

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95. palkan_tula
    palkan
    Limitations
    — TracePoint could affect performance
    (~30 50% overhead)
    85
    

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96. palkan_tula
    palkan
    TP alternatives
    — Module#prepend
    — Source rewriting (Ruby Next ⏩)
    86
    

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97. palkan_tula
    palkan
    Limitations
    — TracePoint could affect performance
    — Parallel builds support is tricky
    — Verification patterns for non-value objects
    87
    

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98. To seam or not
    to seam?
    88
    

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99. palkan_tula
    palkan
    “Slow and reliable tests are in general
    much better than fast tests that break
    without reason (false positives) and don't
    catch actual breakage (false negatives).”
    –Jeremy Evans, Polished Ruby programming
    89
    

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100. palkan_tula
     palkan
     “If you track your test coverage, try for
     100% coverage before integrations
     tests. Then keep writing integration
     tests until you sleep well at night.”
     –Active Interactor's Readme
     90
     

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101. palkan_tula
     palkan
     Keep it real
     — Integration tests are the best seams
     91
     

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102. palkan_tula
     palkan
     Keep it close to real
     — Integration tests are the best seams
     — Know your doubles
     92
     

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103. 93
     $ stree search ~/dev/double_query.txt spec/**/*.rb
     spec/broadcast/redis_spec.rb:15 4: allow(Redis).to receive(:new) { redis_conn }
     spec/broadcast/redis_spec.rb:38 6: allow(redis_conn).to receive(:publish)
     spec/broadcast/nats_spec.rb:14 4: allow(NATS::Client).to receive(:new) { nats_conn }
     spec/broadcast/redis_spec.rb:52 6: allow(redis_conn).to receive(:publish)
     spec/broadcast/nats_spec.rb:15 4: allow(nats_conn).to receive(:connect)
     spec/broadcast/http_spec.rb:48 6: allow(AnyCable.logger).to receive(:error)
     spec/anycable_spec.rb:77 16: adapter = double("adapter", broadcast: nil)
     spec/broadcast/http_spec.rb:86 8: allow(adapter).to receive(:sleep)
     spec/broadcast/nats_spec.rb:38 6: allow(nats_conn).to receive(:publish)
     spec/broadcast/http_spec.rb:87 8: allow(AnyCable.logger).to receive(:error)
     

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104. palkan_tula
     palkan
     94
     Syntax Tree Search
     CallNode[
     receiver: NilClass,
     message: Ident[value: "double" | "instance_double"],
     arguments: ArgParen[
     arguments: Args[
     parts: [StringLiteral | VarRef[value: Const], BareAssocHash]
     ]
     ]
     ] |
     Command[
     message: Ident[value: "double" | "instance_double"],
     arguments: Args[
     parts: [StringLiteral | VarRef[value: Const], BareAssocHash]
     ]
     ] |
     # ...
     bit.ly/stree-doubles
     

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105. palkan_tula
     palkan
     Keep it close to real
     95
     — Integration tests are the best seams
     — Know your doubles
     — Fixturize your doubles
     — Embrace types
     

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106. palkan_tula
     palkan
     96
     Mock Suey
     github.com/test-prof/mock-suey
     gem "mock-suey"
     

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107. Thanks!
     @palkan
     @palkan_tula
     evilmartians.com
     @evilmartians
     

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